Completed
Taxonomy Term List
Readiness for the National Adaptation Plan Process in Bosnia and Herzegovina
The project “Advance the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process for medium-term investment planning in climate sensitive sectors in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H)” supported the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina to advance the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process and reach goals outlined in the Paris Agreement and 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The project activities enabled the government to integrate climate change-related risks, coping strategies and opportunities into ongoing development planning and budgeting processes.
Bosnia and Herzegovina’s National Adaptation Plan (NAP) builds on the country’s Climate Change Adaptation and Low Emission Development Strategy of 2013. The strategy is based on four specific outcomes: supporting evidence-based policy development for climate change risks, vulnerabilities and opportunities; creating effective institutional and regulatory frameworks; mainstreaming climate change adaptation approaches into decision making; and effectively assigning resources and reaching implementation goals. The implementation of the strategy has slowed mainly due to lack of knowledge and institutional capacity to undertake adaptation measures.
To overcome these challenges, the project advanced adaptation planning in B&H with a focus on sectoral approaches, upgrading the knowledge base for adaptation, prioritizing adaptation interventions for the medium term, building institutional capacities for integrating climate change adaptation, and demonstrating innovative ways of financing adaptation at sub-national and local government levels. The project activities resulted in the compilation of a NAP and an implementation strategy focused on scaling-up adaptation in key sectors for the medium-term. Through the project, the Government of Bosnia-Herzegovina developed municipal-level investment financing instruments with public and private sector engagement, and built national, sub-national and sectoral capacity to integrate and mainstream risk informed planning and budgeting.
Extreme climate events in Bosnia and Herzegovina are becoming more frequent; with seven out of the past 16 years experiencing drought and frequent floods. Annual temperature increases and change of precipitation are resulting in extreme weather conditions: heat waves, waves of extreme cold, and windstorms. The economic damages are vast, especially in the water, agricultural and housing sectors. The total economic impact of the 2014 floods is estimated to have reached EUR 2.04 billion, or 15 percent of the country’s GDP in 2014.
The NAP process in Bosnia and Herzegovina was officially launched in 2016 with a national consultation that engaged sector ministries and local government units via associations of cities and municipalities in Republika Srpska and Federation of B&H. B&H has put great emphasis on climate change as one of the most significant development challenges facing the country. The importance of adaptation was clearly reflected in its National Communications to the UNFCCC and Climate Change Adaptation and Low Emission Development Strategy (CCA LEDs), adopted in 2013. This strategy is based on four specific outcomes covering climate change risks, vulnerabilities and opportunities supporting evidence-based policy development, effective institutional and regulatory framework, mainstreaming CCA approaches into decision making, and effective resourcing with timely and effective implementation. However, its implementation has slowed mainly due to lack of knowledge and institutional capacity to attract finances and undertake adaptation measures.
The main identified barriers are:
- Limited institutional capacities and weak vertical and horizontal coordination for adaptation planning and implementation caused by complex administrative structure and top-down approach, limited stakeholders’ participation in B&H strategic planning for adaptation, inadequate level of technical knowledge on climate change adaptation of staff in sectoral ministries, limited training on climate change issues and low capacity to monitor, forecast, archive, analyse, communicate, and use climate risks and impacts for sectors.
- Limited climate Information to support integration of climate change into planning and budgeting due to limited scientific data and information on climate impacts and vulnerability assessments, limited knowledge of current climate variability, and a lack of systematic information on environmental protection.
- Alternative sources of finance, including innovative funds are not optimized as neither climate change adaptation, nor disaster-risk reduction (DRR) activities are included in budgeting on any level (municipal, cantonal, entity), and effective finance plan for securing adequate funds from a range of sources for adaptation does not exist.
The key results of the project include:
- An institutional framework to coordinate adaptation processes was established. The framework is based on four levels (NDA, nominated institutional coordinators, nominated interagency working group, and formed multi-disciplinary NAP drafting team).
- The first BiH NAP document was drafted identifying most vulnerable sectors and necessary adaptation actions in agriculture, water management, biodiversity, forestry, human health and tourism, with planned actions estimated over US$4.2 billion. Information on climate change impact and scenarios have been upgraded and vulnerability assessments have been completed for the most vulnerable sectors agriculture and water. The NAP document is currently under adoption at the state level.
- The Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for horizontal and vertical institutional cooperation on climate data exchange as well as the corresponding M&E framework have been adopted as part of the NAP document. The SOPs will enable cross-sectoral climate data/information exchange to support an effective monitoring and evaluation (M&E) framework, track implementation and assess the effectiveness of adaptation actions taken to enable regular updates of the NAP.
- The Project supported adjustments to the regulatory framework necessary for successful implementation of climate change adaptation activities in the country and for meeting B&H’s obligations to the EU and the UNFCCC. This included amendments to the Law on Environment and development of strategic documents related to flood risk management to achieve alignment with the EU Approximation.
- The NAP Communication Strategy has been developed and implemented leading to the development of numerous communication products to increase knowledge and awareness on adaptation processes including a presentation at the COP 26. Project stakeholders are particularly proud of the Photo Essay on adaptation activities and potential for actions in B&H cities, which was also shared by the GCF.
- Studies on the socio-economic impacts of climate change on hydro-energy potential for two river basins (Trebisnjica and Vrbas) were undertaken, as well as a Study on socio-economic impacts of climate change on agriculture in one of most productive agricultural areas within the Sava Basin. These studies constitute the basis for informing planning and implementation of adaptation actions in water management and agriculture sectors.
- Studies assessing risks of urban torrential waters were conducted in two pilot cities (Tuzla and Banja Luka) and adaptation options were developed to improve adaptation planning in local communities.
- Trainings were conducted to build capacity of over 900 government staff for assessment, prioritization, and implementation of climate change adaptation actions as well as for development of reporting, monitoring and review mechanisms.
- Climate change data management system has been designed for the first time in B&H to enable climate data collection, exchange and assessment. The Platform is based on agreed SOP and the corresponding M&E framework will enable regular update of the NAP and other climate reports, tracking of climate data trends, implemented adaptation actions and its effects.
- Finance mechanisms, tools, and new financing approaches for adaptation finance are developed in four municipalities (Laktasi, Zenica, Sanski Most and Trebinje) to enhance adaptation investments at the local level. All four municipalities have developed and adopted their local Climate adaptation finance strategies and investment plans, developed project concepts, and were trained on adaptation finance mechanisms, benefiting over 320 participants from the four pilot municipalities.
- The Project developed two GCF Project Concept Notes (for water and agriculture sectors as the most vulnerable to climate change) and prepared the first Climate Adaptation Finance Strategy at the country level.
Outcome 1: Effective national adaptation coordination system established to drive the NAP process
Outcome 2: Capacity for climate vulnerability assessments, development of socio-economic scenarios strengthened, and adaptation options prioritized for two key sectors
Outcome 3: Innovative financing strategy for adaptation investments developed and tested in four to five selected municipalities
Exposure story: A race against nature (2019)
Exposure story: Giving trees (2019)
Exposure story: Fixing farming (2019)
Exposure story: Managing risk (2019)
Choosing peaches over apples (2021)
True Value (2021)
The Peak of Resilience (2021)
Climate change academy trainings held (2021)
Changing what we eat to help the planet (2021)
Exposure story: Financing for survival (2022)
Exposure story: Cities at the crossroads (2022)
NAP Bulletin PDF (2022)
NAP Bulletin PDF (2021)
U Tesliću održan okrugli sto na temu prilagođavanja klimatskim promjenama u Bosni i Hercegovini (2022)
Advancing the National Adaptation Plan of Papua New Guinea
Country background, Sustainable Development Goals and Paris Agreement
How has the NAP-GSP supported to date?
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Supported a stocktaking activity
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In June-July 2017, the NAP-GSP supported the government with a stocktaking of the current climate change adaptation initiatives. Through desk reviews of existing documentation, policies and strategies and, an assessment of relevant initiatives on climate mainstreaming and of the institutional framework and capacities relevant to the NAP process was conducted.
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Production of a Stocktaking Report
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Based on the desk research, a Stocktaking Report was produced. The findings were validated through a stakeholder consultation mission and a two-day training workshop on the NAP process, that took place in Port Moresby during 9-10 August 2017.
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Helped build capacity and facilitated access to additional climate finance
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From August 2017, with UNDP and NAP-GSP support, the government of PNG began preparing a Readiness and Preparatory Support Proposal to submit to the Green Climate Fund (GCF), outlining a NAP project for potential funding. The initial submission of the - Advancing Papua New Guinea’s National Adaptation Plan – project outlined in the Readiness proposal was made in October 2017. The proposal focuses on strengthening a mechanism for multi-sectoral coordination at various levels of government to integrate climate risks in development planning and establishing a financing framework for climate adaptation for medium-to long-term.
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Advancing the National Adaptation Plan of Papua New Guinea
Country background, Sustainable Development Goals and Paris Agreement
How has the NAP-GSP supported to date?
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Supported a stocktaking activity
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In June-July 2017, the NAP-GSP supported the government with a stocktaking of the current climate change adaptation initiatives. Through desk reviews of existing documentation, policies and strategies and, an assessment of relevant initiatives on climate mainstreaming and of the institutional framework and capacities relevant to the NAP process was conducted.
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Production of a Stocktaking Report
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Based on the desk research, a Stocktaking Report was produced. The findings were validated through a stakeholder consultation mission and a two-day training workshop on the NAP process, that took place in Port Moresby during 9-10 August 2017.
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Helped build capacity and facilitated access to additional climate finance
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From August 2017, with UNDP and NAP-GSP support, the government of PNG began preparing a Readiness and Preparatory Support Proposal to submit to the Green Climate Fund (GCF), outlining a NAP project for potential funding. The initial submission of the - Advancing Papua New Guinea’s National Adaptation Plan – project outlined in the Readiness proposal was made in October 2017. The proposal focuses on strengthening a mechanism for multi-sectoral coordination at various levels of government to integrate climate risks in development planning and establishing a financing framework for climate adaptation for medium-to long-term.
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Supporting Chad to advance their NAP process
Country background, Sustainable Development Goals and Paris Agreement
The Republic of Chad is located in north-central Africa and is dominated by the Saharan desert, covering half of its 1,284,634 km2. The Sahelian ecological zone runs through the center of the country, and is characterized by poor soils and scrubland. In the south, the wetter Sudanian savanna zone is dominated by forest and wooded savannah. The country’s unique position within the Middle Africa region aligns it with both the Congo Basin and the Sahel (as a member of both the Central African Forests Commission and the Permanent Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel). Landlocked, the country is home to about 15.4 million people (2018 estimate), with only 28 percent of the population lives in urban areas.
According to the IPCC, Chad is projected to experience a moderate increase in temperature of between 0.6 and 1.3 Celsius (under a medium warming scenario) by 2023 and 1 to 2.5 Celsius of warming expected by 2050. It is expected that the number of “hot” days and nights will increase, while there will be a decrease in the number of “cold” days and nights. With respect to precipitation changes, model simulations for the Sahel remain widely divergent; some models estimate that mean annual precipitation could decrease by up to 28 percent, while others suggest that it could increase by up to 29 percent by the 2090s. A significant increase in extreme rainfall events (greater than 50 mm in the maximum five-day precipitation) has also been projected—a change that could increase runoff and flooding conditions.
In September 2015, Chad submitted its Nationally Determined Contribution to the UNFCCC. In order to provide a better living environment for Chadians, the government has drawn up "Vision 2030, the Chad we want," which is broken down into three national development plans. The first, covering the period 2017-2021. Chad, through its commitment, will pursue efforts to reduce social inequalities and improve the wellbeing of populations, protect the environment and economic diversification. In response to these expected climate change impacts, the United Nations Development Programme is working with the Government of Chad to implement The Chad National Adaptation Plan Advancement Project is intended to integrate climate change adaptation into medium- and long-term planning and budgeting of climate-sensitive sectors. Chad’s NAP will be anchored in the Chadian Vision 2030 and contribute to the effective integration of adaptation. It incorporates priorities including new productive capabilities and opportunities for the creation of decent work, the development of human capital, the fight against desertification, environmental protection, and adaptation to climate change and improved governance. Under the first component in the NAP, it includes the development of integrated information systems and a climate and socioeconomic database, the project will support planning and decision-making based on scientific evidence. As a result, Chad will be endowed with a national framework able to produce forecasts and assess the vulnerability of production systems to the adverse effects of climate change. In addition, Chad is receiving support from UN Environment to access funding from the Green Climate Fund on adaptation planning.
How has the NAP-GSP supported to date?
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Supported the NAP regional workshop |
In 2014, Chad attended the NAP-GSP Francophone Africa Regional Training Workshop, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to share best practices from countries in the region. Key stakeholders from Chad identified six barriers for implementing the NAP during the project-planning meeting held on 26 May 2017 in N'Djamena.
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Supported the formulation of a Roadmap |
In Chad, a basic need for analysis was identified, the NAP GSP supported Chad carry out the preparations for a road map for conducting the NAP process.
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Helped build capacity for accessing climate financing for launch of NAP
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The government of Chad launched their NAP project at the end of 2019. The NAP project is implemented by the Ministry of the Environment and Fisheries in Chad and is funded through the Global Environment Facility LDC Fund. It was developed with the support of the NAP-GSP. |
Vers une atténuation et une acclimatation du Tchad aux effets du changement climatique
Le Plan National d’Adaptation au changement climatique (PNA) opérationnel dans la zone méridionale - February 2020 - Permettez-moi de remercier l’équipe du PNA pour avoir lancer le projet dans la zone soudanienne et de proposer cette formation sur le changement climatique. Pendant longtemps, on a pensé que le changement climatique est une affaire des autres et qu’on ne peut pas être touché. On s’est rendu compte maintenant que le changement climatique est un phénomène réel qui affecte tout le monde.
Lancement du « Plan National d’Adaptation aux changements climatiques » - Octobre 2019 - Le PNUD et le Ministère de l’Environnement, de l’Eau et de la Pêche, ont lancé officiellement le projet « Plan National d’Adaptation aux changement climatiques » (PNA), ouvrant sa mise en œuvre à l’échelle nationale.
Supporting Burkina Faso to advance their NAP process
Country background, Sustainable Development Goals and Paris Agreement
Due to its geographical position, Burkina Faso is characterized by a dry tropical climate, which alternates between a short rainy season and a long dry season. Burkina Faso’s climate is prone to strong seasonal and annual variation due to its location in the hinterland and within the confines of the Sahara. Climate change may affect the Sahelian region of Africa through severe variations in rainfall, water shortage and low agricultural yield. This should amplify drought risks and evaporation, and reduce agricultural productivity (a 10% drop in rainfall is expected by 2050). In addition, climate change will probably result in higher temperatures (a 1.4-1.6°C rise is expected by 2050), potentially increasing the risk for forest fires or bushfires.
Since ratifying the UNFCCC in 1993, Burkina Faso qualified for the Adaptation in Africa Programme (AAP) launched by the UNDP with funding from the Japanese government. In October 2008, between the UNDP and Japan and the implementation of the AAP, twenty African countries, including Burkina Faso, were granted funding for their climate variability and change adaptation programmes. Burkina Faso has contextualized the 2030 agenda in its National Economic and Social Development Plan (PNDES), operationalized through 14 sectoral policies and local development plans. The country is focusing on SDG4, SDG8, SDG10, SDG13, SDG 16, and SDG17. Burkina Faso launched its National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process to formulate a medium- and long-term climate change adaptation strategy denoted NAPA programming. In September 2014, Burkina Faso submits its Second National Communication to the UNFCCC and one year later, in September 2015, Burkina Faso submitted its Intended National Determined Contribution to the UNFCCC.
Burkina Faso submitted its NAP to the UNFCCC in October 2015. The methodology for formulating a NAP in Burkina Faso includes four steps or 'elements and also took into account the national circumstance of the country when planning these actions. 1) Laying the ground work and addressing gaps, includes assessing available information on climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation, measures taken to address climate change and gaps and needs, at the national and regional levels. 2) The preparatory elements include activities aimed at integrating climate change adaptation into national and sub-national development and sectoral planning, as well as consultation workshops and awareness building. 3) Implementing strategies includes strengthening institutional and regulatory frameworks to support adaptation and training/ coordinating at the sectoral and sub-national levels. 4) Reporting, monitoring and review activities include addressing inefficiencies, incorporating the results of new assessments and emerging science and reflect lessons learned from adaptation efforts.
How has the NAP-GSP supported to date?
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Supported the Regional NAP workshop |
In 2014, Burkina Faso attended the NAP-GSP Francophone Africa Regional Training Workshop, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to share best practices from countries in the region.
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Supported the methodology for identifying gaps and specific priorities
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NAP-GSP supported Burkina Faso in formulated the methodology to lay the groundwork for addressing gaps in their NAP document. As outlined in the NAP, these activities are designed to identify gaps and omissions in intervention frameworks and address them as necessary, to support the formulation of comprehensive adaptation plans, programmes and policies.
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Supported with the preparation of the initial NAP
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In May 2015, NAP GSP supported Burkina Faso with an initial review of the final draft of the NAP document. Burkina Faso submitted the NAP document to the UNFCCC in September later that year.
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Strengthening national resilience capacities - May 2017 - The objective of this workshop is to strengthen the capacities of actors from ministerial departments and NGOs involved in disaster management on the PDNA approach and to adapt the tools.
Viet Nam National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Development and Operationalisation Support Project
This project supports the Government of Viet Nam’s vision to strengthen its capability to effectively integrate climate change adaptation into the government’s administration processes in priority sectors. These processes encompass policy formulation, development planning, budgeting, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation. The project is designed in two phases. The first phase aims to complete the upstream work, background studies, tools and guidelines, preliminary project pipeline, and capacity building in order to deliver the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) of Vietnam. The participatory and result based monitoring and evaluation (M&E) framework and necessary capacity building support will also be completed in the first phase. Based on successful implementation of the first phase, the second phase of the project will be designed focusing on the implementation of the NAP, adaptation mainstreaming, M&E framework and a preparation of a financing strategy including detailed concept notes of high priority adaptation projects.
The "Viet Nam National Adaptation Plan (NAP) Development and Operationalization Support Project" is supporting the government of Viet Nam to establish an effective system to integrate climate change adaptation into government administration processes in five priority sectors.
Ranked 8th on the 2017 Climate Risk Index, Viet Nam is a country highly vulnerable to climate change. Average temperatures have risen by 0.5 degrees and sea levels by 20 cm in the last 50 years. Extreme weather events such as typhoons and tropical storms have increased in frequency and intensity, magnifying socio-economic and health impacts on rural, urban, coastal and mountain communities, and endangering critical transportation and drainage infrastructure. The Mekong Delta is one of the most susceptible deltas in the world to sea level rise.
The main challenge for the NAP process is the lack of capacity and resources to effectively integrate and coordinate climate change adaptation into plans and budgets at different levels and to design, operationalize, finance and monitor adaptation actions.
In addition to the key implementing partner, the Ministry of Planning and Investment, other project partners include the Ministry of Natural Resource and Environment (MONRE), the Department of Climate Change (DoCC), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD), the Ministry of Transportation (MOT), and the Ministry of Health (MOH).
The following results are expected to be delivered through the three outcomes of the project:
- Integrated data analytics capability built in priority sectors.
- The NAP developed, consulted, and disseminated.
- Inter-ministerial coordination strengthened, and appraisal capacity built to implement the NAP integration.
- Background study for a financing strategy for both public and private investment in adaptation measures prepared with a preliminary project pipeline.
- Participatory and results-based M&E framework developed for priority sectors.
Project updates
With the project support, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment approved a Circular which will serve as a common framework on methodology for assessing climate impacts, risk and vulnerabilities, loss and damage to identify and integrate climate change adaptation measures into sectoral plans. The Prime Minister of Vietnam approved the M&E framework which is an output of NAP project for nationwide application. All line ministries including MONRE, MARD, MOH and MOT have contributed to the development of a toolset for assessing climate change impacts, vulnerabilities, and risks. The climate risk and vulnerability assessments of priority sectors are being completed. The project led the process of producing a comprehensive report on mainstreaming gender into the National Adaptation Plan in Viet Nam, outlining key priorities and next steps.
A NAP portal has been developed and launched which provides comprehensive climate change related information on policies and programs, vulnerability and risk maps, and M&E reporting mechanism. Maintained by the Department of Climate Change, this web portal will serve as the climate change platform with regularly updated information from the government system as well as other official channels including international organizations and NGOs. As a milestone in the NAP process, Vietnam is planning to submit its “Technical report on the climate change national adaptation plan” to the UNFCCC ahead of the COP27.
Outcome 1: Capacity for data integration enhanced and National Adaptation Plan (NAP) prepared and aligned with the NDC review 2
Outcome 2: National adaptation plan and climate change adaptation integrated into national, subnational, and sectoral development plans and budget of priority sectors with private sector participation
Outcome 3: Participatory results-based monitoring and evaluation mechanism developed and operationalized.
Supporting Cuba to advance their NAP process
Country background, Sustainable Development Goals and Paris Agreement
The Republic of Cuba is located in the Caribbean Basin. Havana has 15 municipalities, out of which six are located in its coastal zone, an area of vital importance for the sustainable and strategic development of the country. The Havana Coastal Zone is a highly important zone for tourism that is characterized by sandy beaches, three coastal lagoons, mangrove areas, and coral reef crests. It also includes the Havana Malecon (sea drive), a Cuban landmark, particularly the portion located in the Historic Centre that has been declared by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. The Bay of Havana is another significant site given its economic and social importance because of its harboring, industrial and touristic activity. The Havana Coastal Zone is located in the region of Cuba most frequently hit by hurricanes of different categories and cold fronts of varying intensities. Studies undertaken show that this region is one of the most vulnerable areas in terms of extreme meteorological events and climate change impacts.
Since the 1990s, the Cuban Government has recognized the risks associated with climate change and engaged in efforts to address these risks in its environmental and development agenda. Cuba ratified the Paris Agreement on December 28, 2016 and submitted its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) on November 23, 2015. In the NDC, adaptation is considered the main priority and specific emphasis is placed on human health, reducing coastal zone vulnerability, recovering the mangrove areas, integrated water management, territorial planning and sustainable food production, as well as incorporating adaptation in all programs, plans and projects moving forward.
The Inception Workshop of the Third National Communication to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was held in February 2018. The main objectives and tasks identified are: to develop an inventory (base year 2016) of greenhouse gas emission and reduction; conduct a comprehensive assessment of climate change impacts on pilot areas as study cases. Formulating the Adaptation Plan for the Havana Coastal Zone is an opportunity to materialize the priorities contained in “Tarea Vida” and creates synergy with and complements the analysis and results of the Third National Communication. The Adaptation Plan for the Havana Coastal Zone project will contribute towards closing information and knowledge gaps, strengthening technical and technological capacities, designing adequate and effective adaptation measures that are fully incorporated into the development plans, and training and sensitizing relevant actors on climate adaptation. Together, these actions will increase climate resilience in the Havana Coastal Zone.
The 2030 National Plan for Economic and Social Development: Strategic economic axes and sectors, ratifies the political will and strategic vision to address climate change, while designing a pathway towards sustainable development. This plan highlights the implementation of policies for effective risk management and climate change adaptation in the country as well as the need to effectively implement programs and actions to address climate change impacts, focusing on adaptation measures, vulnerability reduction, mitigation, and the introduction of systemic and cross-sectoral strategies. It also states the need to improve the Civil Defence System for risk reduction on the basis of comprehensive risk management with the active involvement of the communities and local governments in order to improve the resilience of human and ecological systems, all of which is in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (2030 SDGs) and the 2015-2030 Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction.
How has the NAP-GSP supported to date?
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Support with the NAP roadmap and identifying new stakeholders
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Conduct consultation processes at national and at territorial level to identify new stakeholders, project opportunities (consistent with National Development Plan, National Environmental Strategy, State Plan for Tackling Climate Change and NDC) and their review, with a gender approach, thus ensuring a broad participation of women.
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Produced an assessment and identified entry points for the NAP process
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Conduct institutional assessments and diagnosis of the capacities of the National Designated Authority and other institutions linked with its work on matters related to the GCF. Creation of a technical unit, which will support the work carried out by the National Designated Authority, in particular by reviewing and screening programs and projects. The eventual Readiness Proposal project will design a Country Program that will include a plan to work with the Fund and involve new actors relevant to climate change financing issues.
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Helped build capacity and facilitated access to additional climate finance
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NAP GSP supported Cuba is developing it’s GCF Readiness and Preparatory Support/Initial Plan in Cuba, an initial plan to create and strengthen Cuba’s institutional capacities to access and engage with the Green Climate Fund. With the support of implementing partner UNDP, Cuba submits a revised Readiness Proposal for “Adaptation Plan for the Havana Coastal Zone” to the Green Climate Fund in June 2019. The objective of this project is to formulate an Adaptation Plan for the Coastal Zone of Havana, which considers the medium- and long-term climate risks and specific vulnerabilities and integrates adaptation measures and investment decisions into the development planning.
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New project to increase coastal resilience in Cuba - February 25, 2020 - The project intervention area is located within the Sabana-Camagüey archipelago, north of the central region of Cuba. It covers the fifteen coastal municipalities of the Villa Clara, Sancti Spíritus, Ciego de Ávila and Camagüey provinces.
Cuba and the Caribbean work to increase the resilience of the regional SAT - January 16, 2020 - Specialists from the National Risk Assessment Group of the Environment Agency (@AMA_CUBA) carried out a South South Cooperation exchange mission with the Caribbean island of Saint Lucia, developed in the National Emergency Management Organization (NEMO).
CITMA and UNDP value cooperation for more than 25 years - September 11, 2019 - This was a new opportunity for Ms. Maribel Gutierrez, on behalf of UNDP, to highlight that CITMA is a very important partner given its high scientific potential and state commission at national and territorial level. Today the projects under the attention of CITMA represent 47% of the total portfolio approved by UNDP in Cuba, approximately 56 million USD.
Supporting Argentina to advance their NAP process
Country background, Sustainable Development Goals and Paris Agreement
In Argentina, changes in the climate have been observed since the second half of the past century and, according to the projections of the climatic models, these changes would intensify in this century. These changes have already caused impacts on natural and human systems. In most of the non-Patagonian Argentina there was an increase in temperature of up to a half degree between 1960 and 2010, with smaller increases in the center of the country. There was also a change towards more frequent intensified rainfall in much of the country, which resulted in more frequent floods caused by an inappropriate occupation and use of space that generated areas with high exposure and the inadequacy of the water works that were planned for weather conditions that are no longer valid. In the west and more noticeably in the north, the dry periods of winter have become longer. This has generated problems in the availability of water for some populations, created more favorable conditions for grassland fires and greater stress on livestock.
Argentina has submitted two National Communications to the United Nations Frameworks Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), laying out the actions that the government has already taken and the analytical basis for its policy response to climate change, as well as its commitments to take future actions within an official international framework. The National Program for Climate Change Impacts was created with the purpose of developing a national strategy for the better understanding of Argentina’s vulnerability to climate change impacts and for the development of adaptation measures to climate change. Among its functions is the implementation of studies related to the global climate change impact on the various climates of Argentina, elaboration of national climate change adaptation measures, coordination of climate change actions with other related national programs such as the one for desertification prevention.
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) established the Global Process of the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) as a way to facilitate adaptation planning in developing countries. According to this strategy, Argentina considers that it is essential to take into account the adaptation aspects in the design and implementation of policies and programs. In its National Determined Contribution (NDC) -revised in 2016 and presented at the COP22 in Marrakesh-, Argentina has committed to articulate actions and initiatives related to adaptation to climate change through a systematic and participatory National Adaptation Plan. For the particular case of Argentina, several factors hinder the development of the NAP process, which are of legal and geographical nature. In the first case, the objective of carrying out the process in a participatory manner obliges the political area at the national level to make economic efforts to ensure the full participation of all provincial representatives and to support them in parallel processes of formulating provincial plans.
How has the NAP-GSP supported to date?
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Supported the vulnerability assessment and the NAP formulation
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Within the work of National Cabinet in 2017, a participatory process was initiated to define priorities and to define which studies are the most important ones to carry out for the vulnerability analysis proposed in the project eventually outlined in Argentina’s Readiness Proposal that was developed in 2018.
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Produced a project document to identify entry points for the NAP process |
With support of the NAP GSP, Argentina identified technical capacity needs, either at the national and sub-national level or at the sectoral level. With the Global Support Porgramme, Argentina drafted a project document that sets the basis for an adaptation strategy and includes tools for decision making and planning of the NAP process, and mechanisms to include local stakeholders, community‐based organizations, non‐governmental organizations and the private sector.
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Helped build capacity and facilitated access to additional climate finance
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In January 2019, the GCF approved Argentina’s Readiness Proposal “Adaptation Planning support for Argentina through UNDP.” The NAP project will facilitate integration of climate change adaptation into existing strategies, policies and programs and in this way facilitate the assessment and reduction of vulnerability to the adverse effects of climate change. The Argentinean government will advance adaptation planning at a national, sub-national and sectorial level. The NAP Readiness will raise awareness on adaptation potential and needs at national, sub-national and local levels, as well as disseminate adaptation initiatives being carried out in the country and their respective impacts.
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Climate Change and Environment in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires - 1 October 2019 - Workshop organized by the Ombudsman's Office of CABA together with OHCHR, UN and UNDP in Argentina.
Sustainable Land Management NOA and Cuyo - 3rd. Call for projects - 2 March 2020 - Third call for projects for sustainable land management and comprehensive management of water resources in NOA and Cuyo.
Evidence for policymaking in Argentina, there we go! - 26 March 2020 - Evidence plays a fundamental role both in understanding our problems and in designing, implementing and measuring the impact that laws have on our day-to-day life.
Supporting Ecuador to advance their NAP process
Country background, Sustainable Development Goals and Paris Agreement
Ecuador is an Andean country in the northwest of South America, with a total area of 256,370 km, including the Galapagos Islands, and 16.3 million habitants as of 2015. The Southern Andes mountain range divides the continental territory of Ecuador into three different regions: Coast, Andes and Amazon. There is great variety in the Ecuadorian climate, largely determined by altitude and terrain. In the medium- to long-term, climate change is expected to have some major impacts in Ecuador: the intensification of extreme climatic events (e.g. El Niño); sea level rise; increased retreat of the glaciers; decrease in annual runoff and increased vulnerability of water resources; increased vulnerability to floods and prolonged droughts; increased transmission of dengue and other tropical diseases; the expansion of invasive species populations in the Galapagos and other sensitive ecosystems of continental Ecuador; and the extinction of certain species. Some of these impacts are already being perceived. These impacts are expected to negatively affect the Ecuadorian population, infrastructure and crop production, particularly as agriculture is already vulnerable to current fluctuations in climate. Estimates indicate that by 2025 the country could lose approximately US$5.6 billion due to extreme weather events intensified by climate change.
Adopted in 2012, the National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) provides a vision until 2025, and seeks to establish a long-term objective for the management of climate change in the country. It has strategic work areas proposed for both adaptation and mitigation to climate change. For adaptation, the strategy defined key priority sectors or areas of work, taking into account the priority development objectives defined in the National Development Plan. Ecuador has already developed the NDC and has submitted its first NDC to the UNFCCC on March 2019 to fulfill its commitments under the Paris Agreement. The NDC includes adaptation under the sectors prioritized in the National Climate Change Strategy. The country’s adaptation goals are outlined in the NDC and aim to enable the integration of adaptation in development planning at national, sectoral and local levels.
The key actors for the NAP process are the members of the Inter-institutional Climate Change Committee (ICCC), established in 2010, as the governmental organ for the coordination and integral execution of national policies related to climate change, including the NCCS. The cross-sectoral ICCC is led by the Ministry of Environment (MAE), through its Under-Secretariat for Climate Change, which acts as Technical Secretariat for the Committee. The Under-Secretariat for Climate Change oversees the coordination of policies, strategies and regulations for climate change, awareness on climate change, climate change planning at national level, information management, overseeing compliance with national and international climate change agreements and regulations, and coordination with international technical assistance. Ecuador is working on a combination of policy advice, technical assistance, finance, and programs to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG1, SDG5, SDG6, SDG13, SDG16).
How has the NAP-GSP supported to date?
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Support with the NAP Roadmap and formulation
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Ecuador began the development of its National Adaptation Plan in February 2017 with an inception workshop, which convened the main stakeholders involved in climate change adaptation in the country. The workshop began a consultation process to prepare a road map for the NAP. Participants to this workshop included representatives from the majority of sectoral ministries, local government representatives and associations, as well as specialized agencies (e.g. Meteorological and Hydrological Institute), and civil society organizations, amongst others.
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Produced a Stocktaking Report to identify entry points for the NAP process
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The Third National Communication on climate change (TNC, 2017) development process focused on three lines of action; 1) reporting institutionalization, which included promoting coordination meetings between institutional actors; 2) a local approach, which took into consideration the need for implementing mitigation and adaptation actions from a local perspective, and; 3) capacity building. The development of the TNC involved organizing 37 workshops for capacity building and information exchange involving a total of 2051 participants.
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Helped build capacity and facilitated access to additional climate finance
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Building on the results of the NAP roadmap kick-off consultation workshop, in line with national objectives and building on lessons learned on adaptation to date, a GCF NAP readiness proposal was developed and submitted to the GCF in 2017 and approved in July 2018. UNDP has provided support for the development of the Third National Communication and Climate Public Expenditures and Institutional Review (CPEIR). In addition, the NAP GSP, funded by the GEF, supported the development of the NAP proposal in Ecuador, submitted to the Green Climate Fund (GCF), which aims to integrate adaptation in development planning.
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UNDP and the Ministry of Environment and Water present the 'Mission 1.5' initiative - March 11, 2020 - "What can I do?" is the question that many people face in the face of climate change.
Alliances and financing to face climate change in Ecuador - February, 1, 2020 - The development of an investment plan for the financing of initiatives in the mitigation sectors, the generation of meeting spaces between investors, the private sector and cooperation.
UNDP launches Laboratory for Acceleration of Sustainable Development Goals - January 28, 2020 - Development challenges are increasingly complex and numerous. Keeping pace with emerging problems requires rethinking development from another perspective.
Ecuador Premium & Sustainable: one more step in the sustainable development of the agricultural sector - November 29, 2019 - The firm will of the National Government to advance in the sustainability of the agricultural sector, the intention to initiate a public-private alliance to strengthen the coffee chain.
Climate change and gender under debate - November 15, 2019 - The German Technical Cooperation (GIZ) organized a 'Café Dialogue', in which the argument that climate change is not gender neutral was debated.
NDC program and partners train fifty gender specialists on climate change - On November 18 and 19, 2019 - in the city of Quito, a training workshop on climate change was held for gender specialists.
Supporting North Macedonia to advance their NAP process
Country background, Sustainable Development Goals and Paris Agreement
North Macedonia, a small, landlocked country in southern Europe of 25,713 km2, is located in the central part of the Balkan Peninsula on an elevated plateau that is bisected and surrounded by hill and mountainous terrain, which covers 79 percent of North Macedonia’s territory. Despite the country’s small size, the climate ranges from alpine in the west and northwest of the country, to Mediterranean in the southern districts of the Vardar river valley, and is characterized by cold winters, hot summers and a highly variable precipitation regime with high levels of biodiversity. Climate change impacts are already evident in North Macedonia. Six of the ten warmest years on record since 1951 have occurred between 2007 and 2012 and a heat wave has been recorded in almost every year since 1987. The North Macedonian economy is relatively diverse though highly reliant on industrial manufacturing and energy production, and agricultural land uses and forests, which cover almost 80% of the country. Forty percent of the population is rural and 21.7 percent of the population is employed in the agricultural sector. Poverty is exacerbated by a high unemployment rate of 23 percent. Agriculture has significant importance to North Macedonia in terms of employment, rural livelihoods, food security and exports.
Energy sector and resilience to climate change are identified as one of the main contributors towards national sustainable development. Recognizing the important steps forward in the institutionalization of climate change issues and the mainstreaming of climate change considerations into the national and sectorial development policies, the development of three National Communications to the UNFCCC, the First Biennial Update Report and the 2015 Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) have contributed to the strengthening of climate mainstreaming processes. As part of North Macedonia’s Third National Communication, analysis of impacts, vulnerability and adaptive capacity was undertaken for eight sectors (agriculture and livestock, biodiversity, forestry, human health, tourism, cultural heritage, water resources and socio-economic development) with a special focus on the Southeast Region, which had been identified as being especially vulnerable to climate change. The development of the Forth National Communication is underway and should be completed by the end of 2021. In January 2018, North Macedonia ratified the Paris Agreement.
The Government of the Republic of North Macedonia requested support for the development of its National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process and was one of the first countries requesting the Green Climate Fund (GCF) readiness financing for this purpose. With support from the joint UNDP-UNEP NAP Global Support Programme (NAP-GSP), a preliminary mission was undertaken in March 2017 to identify, in consultation with stakeholders, North Macedonia’s needs regarding the NAP process. The mission allowed for a preliminary assessment of relevant initiatives on climate mainstreaming and of the institutional framework and capacities relevant to the NAP process, through qualitative interviews and an extensive desk review.
How has the NAP-GSP supported to date?
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Supported the preliminary assessment mission and NAP Roadmap
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In March 2017, a preliminary mission was organized for initial consultations on North Macedonia’s NAP process. A Roadmap was then developed with the purpose to facilitate a consensus on the approach for the design of the NAP process. The roadmap identifies the overall approach to implementing the NAP process and the main work-streams (components) and activities for the first iteration of the NAP.
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Production of a Stocktaking Report and identified key entry points
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Informed A stocktaking report was produced and outlines the implementation of the NAP I approach that will occur through three parallel work-streams (components). The first two components focus on establishing the foundations for a strong and effective NAP process and adaptation planning in general, and the third focuses on support for integrating lessons learnt into adaptation planning.
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Helped build capacity and facilitated access to additional climate finance
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The Government of the Republic of North Macedonia requested support for the development of its national adaptation plan (NAP) process, and one of the first countries requesting Green Climate Fund (GCF) readiness financing for this purpose. The stocktaking report was formulated as the basis for a GCF funding request.
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Eight Municipalities and National Parks Selected for Nature Protection Grant Scheme - June 2018 - A total of eight applicants representing a diverse group of municipalities and national parks have been selected to receive grants of EUR 200,000 – 400,000 for nature protection projects.
“Not a garbage dump”: New landfill in Gevgelija to meet highest environmental standards - January 2018 - The sanitary landfill project meets an urgent need to replace a hazardous illegal landfill now overspilling by the River Vardar in Gevgelija.
Cleaner Soil Leads to Healthier Yields - December 2017 - More than 200 farmers have developed knowledge and expertise in plant and soil interaction over the past year by attending UNDP and SDC educational seminars.